广东学位英语考试-阅读理解练习3

点击数：61902019/2/12 23:11:35　来源: 广东专插本辅导网

Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfin-ished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.You should de-cide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the.following passage:

There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large citieswith factories and heavy automobile traffic. At present, we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. (76) On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution. Some scien-tists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is creating a "greenhouse effect"--conserving heat reflected from the earth and raising the world's average temperature. If this view is correct and the world's tempera- ture is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York,Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be in water.

(77) Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth's temperature--a result that would be equally disastrous.

A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age, and would make agri-culture difficult or impossible in many of our top fanning areas. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen (though one recent government report drafted by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very possible ). Perhaps, if we are lucky enough, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world's temperature will stay about the same as it is now.

1. As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution__________.

A. caused widespread damage in the countryside

B. affected the entire eastern half of the United States

C. had damaging effect on health

D. existed merely in urban and industries areas

2. As to the greenhouse effect, the author__________.

A. shares the same view with the scientists

B. is uncertain of its occurrence

C. rejects it as bein~ ungrounded

D. thinks that it will destroy the world soon

3. The word "offset" in the second paragraph could be replaced by__________.

A. slip into

B. make up for

C. set up

D. catch up with

4. It can be concluded that__________.

A. raising the world's temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth

B. lowering the world's temperature merely a few degrees would lead many major farming areas to disaster

C. almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decade

D. the world's temperature will remain constant in the years to come

5. This passage is primarily about__________.

A. the greenhouse effect

B. the burning of fossil fuels

C. the potential effect of air pollution

D. the likelihood of a new ice age

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage :

Harriet Beecher Stowe had poured her heart into her anti-slavery book," Uncle Tom's Cab-in". But neither she nor her first publisher thought it would be a big success. (78)The publisher was so doubtful that he wanted her to split the publishing costs with him, and all she hoped was that it would make enough money for her to buy a new silk dress.

But when the first 5,000 copies were printed in 1852, they sold out in two days. In a year the book had sold 300,000 copies in the United States and 150,000 in England. For a while it outsold(销得比... 多) every book in the world, except the Bible.

Within six months of its release, a play was made from the book which ran 350 performances in New York and remained America'. s most popular play for 80 years.

( 79 ) It might appear that" Uncle Tom's Cabin" was universally popular, but this was certainly not true. Many people during those pre-Civil War days--particularly defenders of the slavery sys-tem-condemned it as false propaganda and poorly written melodrama(传奇剧作品).

Harriet did have strong religious views against slavery ( When asked how she came to write the book, she replied," God wrote it. "), and she tried to convince people slavery was wrong, so per-haps the book could be considered propaganda. But if so, it was true propaganda, because it accu-rately described the evils of slavery.

Though she was born in Connecticut, 1832, as a young woman she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, when her father accepted the presidency of newly founded Lane Theological Seminary( 神学 院). Ohio was a free state, but just across the Ohio River in Kentucky, Harriet saw slavery in ac-

tion. She lived 18 years in Cincinnati, marrying Calvin Stowe, professor of a college. In 1851, Harriet Beecher Stowe began her book.

Its vast influence strengthened the anti-slavery movement and angered defenders of the slave system. Today some historians(历史学家) think that it helped bring on the American Civil War.

In fact, when Abraham Lincoln met Harriet at the White House during the Civil War, he said,"So, this is the little lady who started this big war. "

6. Before the publication of the book "Uncle Tom's Cabin"__________.

A. Harriet knew that it would be a great success

B. the publisher wanted Harriet to publish it at her own expense

C. nobody knew that it would become a very popular book

D. no publisher wanted to publish this anti-slavery book

7. Some people did not like "Uncle Tom's Cabin" chiefly because__________.

A. the author was merely an unknown little lady

B. they thought it was mere propaganda

C. the book was poorly written

D. the book might lead to a terrible war

8. Han'iet Beecher Stowe was able to describe the evils of slavery because__________.

A. she had lived for 18 years in a state where slavery was legal

B. she had suffered quite a lot under the slavery system

C. she had witnessed what happened under the slavery system

D. she had read a lot about the slavery system

9. When Abraham Lincoln called Harriet "the little lady who started this big war", he__________.

A. thought that she was almost a war criminal

B. was talking about the great influence her book had produced

C. was blaming her for the miseries the people had suffered during the war

D. was praising her for the contributions she had made during the war

10. The writer wrote the passage in order to__________.

A. expose the evils of the slavery system

B. condemn all kinds of war

C. describe people's life in Harriet's time

D. tell us how Harriet wrote her famous book

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

"Equal pay for equal work" is a phrase used by the American women who feel that they are unfairly treated by society. They say it is not right for women to be paid less than men for the same work.

Some people say men have more duties than women. A married man is thought to earn money to support his family and to make the important decision, so it is right for them to be paid more.

Some are even against married women working at all. When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children are given no attention to. (80) If women are encouraged by equal pay to take full-time jobs, they will be unable to do the thing.s they are best at doing: makinga nice home and bringing up children.

Women who disagree say they want to escape from the limited place which society wishes them to fill and to have freedom to choose between work and home life, or a mixture of the two.

Women have the right not only to equal pay but also to equal chances.

11. The women use the phrase "equal pay for equal work" to ask society to__________.

A. pay men less than women

B. give women harder work

C. pay men and women the same amount of money for the same work

D. pay people more who do harder work

12. Some people believe that__________.

A. women can't do what men can

B. men have to work much harder than women

C. men can earn money more easily than women

D. men's duties are different from women's

13. Some people holding even stronger opinions say that__________.

A. women should be kind to their husbands

B. women are too weak to take full-time jobs

C. home is the best pace for women

D. women should only take part-time jobs

14. The women who disagree say that__________.

A. women need chances to go out of the home more often

B. women want more freedom in deciding what kind of life they want

C. women are no longer interested in taking care of their homes

D. if women are given equal pay, they can do everything instead of men

15. According to this passage some women want to give up __________.

A. their present position in society

B. their marriage

C. their right to equal pay

D. their home life

答案

Passage 1

1.D事实细节题。根据文中第一句，以前人们都认为空气污染只会影响那些有众多工厂和严重交通堵塞现象的大城市及其周边地区，所以选D.根据下文，A.B.C都是后来人们意识到的。

2.B推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后两句，作者引用了一些科学家的观点，空气中二氧化碳的增多会导致温室效应。然后作者提出一种假设，如果这是真的的话，那么南极的冰雪就会融化，将纽约等城市淹没。然而对这种观点的正确性从文章很难看出。另外文中第二段第三句提到“今天我们还不能确定这两种情况能否发生…”，所以作者的态度应是“uncertain”。

3.B推理判断题。即使不认识“0ffset”这个词，我们也可通过上下文猜出来。文章提到的两种可能性一是全球变暖，一是全球降温，只有这两种可能性相互抵消，即冷暖相互弥补，才能出现最后一句的“气温和现在一样正常”。所以选B(make up for“弥补”)。slip into“滑进”;set up“建立，创造”;catch up with“追上，赶上”。

4.B推理判断题。文章第二段第二句提到降温几度就能导致农业生产困难甚至无法生产，这对农业来说无疑是巨大的灾难，所以B正确;根据第一段，温室效应可能导致南极的冰雪融化，将纽约等城市淹没，所以A(全球变暖不会给地球生活带来危害)是不正确的;根据常识，近几十年气温在逐渐升高，所以C也不对;作者在文中提到空气污染严重影响全球气温的变化，所以只要污染存在，气温就不可能恒定不变，D说得太绝对了。

5.C归纳概括题。文章第一段提到地球的气温可能受到空气污染的影响，接下来谈到两种因空气污染可能造成的后果，所以应选C“空气污染可能带来的影响”。其他三个选项都只是文章主题的一个方面。

Passage 2

6.C事实细节题。从文章第一段可知，在《汤姆叔叔的小屋》出版前没有人知道这本书能成功。

7.B事实细节题。从文章第四段第二句可知，主要是奴隶制的捍卫者不喜欢这本反对奴隶制的小说，他们认为该小说“只是虚假的宣传”。所以选B.

8.C事实细节题。根据文章第六段第二句，斯坨夫人“亲眼目睹了奴隶制”。其余选项文章中都没有提到。

9.B推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段，一些历史学家认为《汤姆叔叔的小屋》推动了美国内战的发生。当林肯说“这个小女人发起了这次战争”的时候，他也是在谈这本书的影响。所以选B.

10.D推理判断题。文章的写作目的要从文章的内容来判断。文章从《汤姆叔叔的小屋》出版前作者和出版人的没有丝毫把握谈起，然后写这本书的成功以及遭到的攻击，接下来是作者写该书的背景，最后写它的影响。可见作者只是单纯客观地介绍《汤姆叔叔的小屋》及其作者，所以选D，与其他的无关。

Passage 3

11.C事实细节题。根据文章的第一段，“同工同酬”是指“女人做与男人同样的工作而得到比男人少的酬劳是不对的”，即应得到同样的酬劳。

12.D事实细节题。根据文章的第二段第一句，“有人说男人的责任比女人多”。所以选D.其他的选项与本题无关。

13.C事实细节题。根据文章的第二段第三句，“有些人甚至反对已婚妇女工作”，意即让她们待在家里，所以选C.其他的选项都不符合题意。

14.B事实细节题。根据文章的最后一段，反对男女不平等的妇女认为“她们想逃脱社会赋予她们的这个有限空间，自由地选择去工作还是做家庭妇女”，意即她们想得到更多的自由来选择过什么样的生活。其他的选项都不切题意。

15.A推理判断题。从全文的内容来看，妇女们想得到与男人同样的权利，所以她们要放弃的应是“目前的社会地位”，而不是她们的“婚姻”、“平等酬劳的权利”、“家庭生活”。