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广东学位英语考试-阅读理解练习4

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Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfin-ished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.You should de-cide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage :

On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of Presi-dent Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg on-ly out of politeness. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere.

It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15,000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked,"I have failed again". On the train back to Washington, he said sadly, "That speech was a fiat failure, and the people are disappointed".

Some newspapers at first criticized the speech, but little by little as people redid the speech they began to understand better. (76) They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep mean-ing. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made.

Today, every American school child learns Lincoln's Gettysburg Address by heart. Now eve-ryone thinks of it as one of the greatest speeches ever given in American history.

1. In 1863, Abraham Lincoln was__________.

A. very critical

B. unpopular

C. very popular

D. very courteous

2. Lincoln was invited to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery because he was__________.

A. a famous speaker

B. a very handsome man

C. President of the country

D. a popular statesman

3. It can be inferred from the text that__________.

A. Lincoln prepared his speech very carefully before he went to Gettysburg

B. Lincoln was very busy at the time and didn't have much time to prepare his speech

C. Lincoln's speech was full of rich words

D. Lincoln's speech was very long

4. It was a fact that Lincoln's speech was__________.

A. an immediately success

B. warmly applauded

C. a total failure

D. not well-received at first

5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address has deep meaning.

B. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is simple in style.

C. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is memorized by every American school child.

D. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is the greatest speech ever delivered in the United States.

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

(77) In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the early post-war era(站后时期), there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are facing with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting (过分信任) of computers and are re-luctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction(失灵).

(78) Obviously, there would be no point in investing(投入)in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days.

Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

6. What is the main purpose of this passage?

A. To look back to the early days of computers.

B. To explain what technical problems may occur with computers.

C. To discourage unnecessary investment in computers.

D. To warn against the blindness to the probable shortcomings of computers.

7. The passage recommends those dealing with computers to__________.

A. be reasonably doubtful about them

B. check all their answers

C. substitute them for basic thinking

D. use them for business purpose only

8. An "internal computer" ( Para. 2 ) is__________.

A. a computer used exclusively by one company for its own problems

B. a person’s store of knowledge and the ability to process it

C. the most up to date in home computer a company can buy

D. a computer from the post-war era which is very reliable

9. The passage suggests that the present day problem with regard to computers is __________.

A. challenging

B. psychological

C. dramatic

D. over-trusting

10. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would disapprove of__________.

A. computer science courses in high schools

B. businessmen and women who use pocket calculators

C. maintenance(连续不断)checks on computers

D. companies which depend entirely on computers

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

To swim across the English Channel takes at least nine hours. It's a hard work and it makes you short of breath. To fly over the Channel takes only twenty minutes ( as long as you're not held up at the airport), but it's an expensive way to travel. You can travel by hovercraft if you don't mind the noise, and that takes forty minutes. Otherwise you can go by boat, if you forget your sea-sickness ills. All these means of transport have their problems and the weary( 不耐烦的)travel-er often dreams of being able to drive to France in his own car. "Not possible", you say. Well,wait a minute. People are once again considering the idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge.

This time, the Greater London Council is looking into the possibility of building a Channel link straight to London. (79) A bridge would cost far more than a tunnel, but you would be able to go by rail or by car on a bridge, whereas a tunnel would provide a rail link only.

Why is this idea being discussed again? Is Britain becoming more conscious of the need for links with Europe as a result of joining the EEC( 欧共体)? Well, perhaps. The main reason,though, is that a tunnel or bridge would reach the twenty square kilometers of London's disused dockland(船坞地)A link from London to the continent would stimulate trade and re-vitalize(使……重新有活力) the port, and would make London a main trading center in Europe. (80)With a link over the Channel, you could buy your fish and chips in England, and be able to eat them in France while they were still warm!

11. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Swimming across the Channel takes less than four hours.

B. The idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge is a very new one.

C. It is considered to be more difficult to swim across the channel than any other means.

D. A tunnel or bridge would only reach as far as the coast.

12. A tunnel would be__________.

A. less expensive to be built than a bridge

B. more expensive to be built than a bridge

C. less expensive to be built than a rail

D. more expensive to be built than a rail

13. If they built a Channel tunnel, you would__________.

A. neither take a train nor go by car

B. only take a train

C. either take a train or go by car

D. only take a bus

14. It can be concluded that many of London's dockyards are__________.

A. not used

B. seriously blocked

C. fully used

D. opened again

15. Channel link would__________.

A. allow us to buy fish and chips in France

B. make the journey from Europe to England dangerous but easier and faster

C. decrease more trade for London's dockyards

D. make London more prosperous again

答案

Passage 1

1.B事实细节题。第一段中提到林肯总统当时受到了很多批评,而且一点也不受欢迎。criti-cal“批评的,爱挑剔的”,所以A不对。

2.C推理判断题。根据文章第一段的第五句,人们之所以出于礼貌请他做演讲,就是因为他是总统。

3.B推理判断题。从第二段可知,林肯是在路上写的演讲稿,并且当晚只是“briefly(简单地)”修改了一下。由此可推断出他当时很忙,没有充足的准备时间。

4.D事实细节题。由三、四段可知,尽管林肯的演讲最初并未成功,但这篇简短的演说后来深入人心,不能说是彻底的失败。

5.D事实细节题。根据最后一句话,林肯的演讲是美国历史上最伟大的演讲之一,但并未说是最伟大的演讲,所以选D.

Passage 2

6.D归纳概括题。写此文的目的可从文章的内容概括出来。文章第一段讲的是当代人们过分信任计算机;第二段讲人类应该依赖自己的大脑,不应把计算机看作是思考技能的替代品。综上可知防止人们盲目地信任计算机才是本文的写作目的。

7.A事实细节题。由第二段可知,作者在建议人们应依靠自己的大脑,对待计算机要持ques-tioning(敢于怀疑)的态度并采取double check(仔细检查)的手段。所以选A,意思是要持理性怀疑态度,也就是不要盲目地完全依赖它。作者并没有说完全不信任计算机,要

逐一核对答案,这样计算机恐怕真的要扔掉了,所以B曲解了作者的用意。C(用电脑代替人脑)是作者在文中最反对的;D(仅将电脑用于商业)太片面了。

8.B推理判断题。人类自己所拥有的“内部计算机”当然是指大脑以及大脑内所存储的知识了。这也体现了作者反对用电脑代替人脑的写作目的。

9.D事实细节题。0ver-trusting“过分信任的”。正如作者在第一段第三句所述,人类对待计算机的问题主要在于过分相信它并不愿挑战它的权威性。challengin9“挑战的”;psy-chological“心理的”;dramatic“戏剧性的”。

10.D推理判断题。此类题须弄清作者的真正意图。正如前面所述,作者提倡的并不是完全不信任计算机,而是不要盲目地完全依赖它。A.B.C三项都是以不同方式使用计算机,而作者并未完全否定计算机的使用,所以这三项都不能选。只有D(完全依赖计算机)才是作者不赞成的。

Passage 3

11.C推理判断题。可用排除法。开篇第一句已清楚地说明游过英吉利海峡至少要九小时,所以A说少于四小时是不对的;第一段最后一句中有一个非常重要的词,就是again.既然是again就说明建隧道、修大桥已不是新想法了,B也随之被淘汰;根据文章第二段第一句,隧道可直达伦敦,不只到海岸线,D也排除了。而C是正确的,游过去当然要比坐船、乘飞机困难多了。

12.A事实细节题。根据文章第二段第二句,建隧道要比建大桥便宜得多。

13.B事实细节题。根据文章第二段第二句,隧道里只能供火车行走。

14.A事实细节题。根据文章第三段第四句,伦敦的船坞地都是disused(废弃不用的)

15.D事实细节题。文章最后一段倒数第二句,这条路能够激活贸易,使伦敦成为欧洲的一个商业中心,所以当然会使伦敦繁荣起来。A显然低估了这条通路的作用;B.C谈到的作用都是负面的。

 

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